DEGRADASI KOMPONEN LIGNOSELULOSA

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Have R.T and M.C.R. Franssen. 2001. on a revised mechanism of side product in the lignin peroxidase catayzed of veratryl alcohol. FEBS Letters. 487:313-317.

Hofrichter M. 2002. Review: Lignin conversion by manganese peroxidase (MnP). Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 30:454-466.

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Kersten P.J., B. Kalyanaraman, K.E. Hammel, B. Reinhammar and T.K. Kirk. 1990. Comparison of lignin peroxidase, horseradish peroxidase and laccase in the oxidation of methoxybenzenes. Biochem. J. 268:475-480.

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Kishi K., H. Wariishi, L.Marquez, H.B. Dunford and M.H. Gold. 1994. Mechanism of manganese peroxidase compound II reduction. Effect of organic acid chelators and pH. Biochemistry, 33:8694-8701.

Kuwahara M., J.K. Glenn, M.A. Morgan and M.H. Gold. 1984. Separation and characterization of 2 extracellular H2O2-dependent oxidases from ligninolytic cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. FEBS Lett. 169:247-250.

Lymar E.S., Bin Li and V. Renganathan. 1995. Purification and characterization of a cellulose-binding b-glucosidase from cellulose-degrading culture of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:2976-2980.

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Mäkelä M., S. Galkin A. Hatakka and T. Lundell. 2002. Production of organic acids and oxalate decarboxylase in lignin-degrading white rot fungi. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 30:542-549.

Mayer A.M. and R.C. Staples. 2002. Laccase: new functions for an old enzyme. Phytochem. 60:551-565.

Niku-Paavola M.L., E. Karhunen, P. Salola and V. Raunio, 1988. Ligninolytic enzymes of the white-rot fungus Phlebia radiata. Biochem. J. 254:877-883.

Orth A.B., D.J. Royse, M. Tien. 1993. Ubiquity of lignin-degrading peroxidases among various wood-degrading fungi. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:4017-4023.

Perez J., J. Munoz-Dorado, T. de la Rubia and J. Martinez. 2002. Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: an overview. Int. Microbiol. 5:53-63.

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Rothschild N., A. Levkowitz, Y. Hadar and C.G. Dosoretz. 1999. Manganese deficiency can replace high oxygen levels needed for lignin peroxidase formation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 65:483-488

Sjöberg, G. 2003. Lignin degradation: Long-term effects of nitrogen addition on decomposition of forest soil organic matter. [disertasi]. Uppsala: Dep. Soil Sci. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.

Srebotnik E., K.A. Jensen and K.E. Hammel. 1994. Fungal degradation of recalcitrant nonphenolic lignin structure without lignin peroxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci 91:12794-12797

Srivivasan C., T.M. D’sauza, K. Boominantan and C.A. Reddy. 1995. Demonstration of laccase ini the White rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM-F1767. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:4274-4277.

Steffen, K.T. 2003. Degradation of recalcitrant biopolymers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by litter-decomposing basidiomycetous fungi. [disertasi]. Helsinki: Division of Microbiology Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology Viikki Biocenter, University of Helsinki:

Taherzadeh M.J. 1999. Ethanol from Lignocellulose: Physiological Effects of Inhibitors and Fermentation Strategies. [thesis]. Göteborg: Department of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Chalmers University Of Technology.

Tuomela, M. 2002. Degradation of lignin and other 14C-labelled compounds in compost and soil with an emphasis on white-rot fungi. Helsinki: Dep. Appl. Chem. Microbiol. Division of Microbiology University of Helsinki

Thurston C.F. 1994. The structure and function of fungal laccases. Microbiology, 140: 19-26.

Tien M. and T.K. Kirk. 1983. Lignin-degrading enzyme from the hymenomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium Burds. Science, 221:661-662.

Vähätalo A.V., K. Salonen, M. Salkinoja-Salonen and A. Hatakka. 1999. Photochemical mineralization of synthetic lignin in lake water indicates rapid turnover of aromatic organic matter under solar radiation. Biodegradation 10:415-420.

Vares T. 1996. Ligninolytic enzymes and lignin-degrading activity of taxonomically different white-rot fungi. [PhD Thesis]. Helsinki: Dep. Appl. Chem. and Microbiol. University of Helsinki.

Wariishi H. and M.H. Gold. 1990. Lignin peroxidase compound III: mechanism of formation and decomposition. J. Biological Chemistry. 265(4):2070-2077.

Wood D.A., S.E Matcham and T.R. Fermor. 1988. Production and function on enzymes during lignocellulose degradation. In: Zadrazil F and P Reninger [Eds]. Treatment of Lignocellulosics with White Rot Fungi. London: Elsevier Applied Science. pp.43-49.